Presumably, it will be explained in the film that Ilsa has suffered an apparent injury. As for the real reason Ilsa has an eyepatch in Mission: Impossible 7, that comes down to Ferguson's

Bibi Garvey has an eye patch in Bad Sisters which covers her damaged right eye. In episode 5, it comes to light that her eye was injured in a car accident involving John Paul. She's now left with no vision in her right eye. The audience learn of the accident in a flashback. Bibi is seen in a car with JP driving on a wet, rainy night.
Escape from New York: Directed by John Carpenter. With Kurt Russell, Lee Van Cleef, Ernest Borgnine, Donald Pleasence. In 1997, when the U.S. president crashes into Manhattan, now a giant maximum security prison, a convicted bank robber is sent in to rescue him.
Snake Plissken’s eye patch in John Carpenter’s Escape from New York (1981) was Kurt Russell’s idea. He, showed up to set last minute wearing the eye patch without Carpenter’s pre-approval. Carpenter dug it and kept it, giving us Snake’s iconic look.

In this universe, Fury lost his eye in an explosion when his convoy came under attack in the desert. Fury’s convoy was transporting the military’s secret weapon Logan, a.k.a. Wolverine

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movie characters with eye patches